Chapter+Two+Key+Concepts

Types of Earth
These three parts combine to create the biosphere- areas of earth that support life.
 * Hydrosphere- water like oceans rivers and lakes= 70% surface
 * Lithosphere- Land also known as the earth's crust= 30% surface
 * Atmosphere- the air we breathe; it is a layer of gases extending above the earth's crust= 1,000 miles

Types of landforms

 * Landforms are the natural features of the earth's surface, like water.
 * The main ones are 7 continents.
 * Other examples are mountains, pennisnsulas, canyons, archipelago, and isthmus.

Structures in the earth
**Type of Planets**:
 * Core- It is at the center of the earth, it is a super-hot but solid innre core and a cand of melted iron and nickel called the outer core. It is about 3,960-3,200 miles below the surface with temperatures 8,500-6,300 degrees F.
 * Mantle- Next to the outer core, the mantle is a thick layer of hot, dense rock. It is about 1,860 miles below the surface and 6,300-1,800 degrees F.
 * Crust- The outermost layer of the earth. It is a rocky shell that forms the earth's surface. It is relative thin, from 2-75 miles. It is broken into more than a dozen slabs of rocks called plates that melt and shift on the mantle.
 * closest to the sun- Mercury
 * Venus
 * Earth
 * Mars
 * Jupiter
 * Saturn
 * uranus
 * neptune


 * The types of Land, Air, and Water: **
 * ** hydrosphere- Oceans, lakes, river, and other bodies of water make up the water bodies of the earth **
 * ** Lithosphere- takes up about 30% of earths surface is land including continents and islands. **
 * ** biosphere- All plants, Animals, and plants live on or close to the earths surface or in the atomsphere this supports all life. **
 * ** atomsphere- a layer of gases extending above the earths surface.. the Atomsphere consists of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and small amounts of argon and other gases. **
 * Types of factors: **
 * ** faulting- occurs when the folded land cannot be bent any further. **
 * ** weathering- breaks down rocks by weather and other natural events. **
 * ** erosion- wears away the earth's surface by wind, glaciers, and moving water. **
 * ** subduction- Mountains are also created when a sea playe collides with a continental plate. **