Chapter+One+Key+Concepts

Maps v.s. Globes:

 * Gobes are models, maps are representations
 * Gobes are more acurate in area, distance, and direction.
 * Maps are a symbolic representation of all or part of the planet, and can show detail.
 * Gobes are better for showing countries, and maps are better at showing specific areas.

Types of Projections:
All three types are used in different ways in geograthy books and in history books.
 * ===== Winkle Tripel Projection- It has a good balance between the size and shape of land areas as they are shown. The Polar areas have little distortion of size and shape. =====
 * ===== Robinson Projection- It has minor distortions, The sizes and shapes near the eastern and western edges are accurate, outlines of countries are accurate, but polar areas are flattened. =====
 * Goode's interupted Equal-Area Projection- It resembles a globe that has been cut apart and layed flat. it show the true size and shape of Earth's landmasses, but distances are generally distorted.
 * ===== Mercator Pojection- It increasingly distorts size and distance as you move away from the equator. It accuratly shows true directions and shapes of landmasses, making it useful for sea travel. =====

Types of Projections:

 * ===== Planar Projection- Shows the earth centered so that a straight like coming from the center to any other point represents the shortest distances. It is also known as a azimuthal projection and is most accurate at its center. It is most often used for the poles. =====
 * ===== Cylindrical Projection- It is based off the projection of a globe into a cylinder. It is most accurate near the equator, but shapes and distances are distorted near the poles. =====
 * ===== Conic Projection- It looks like you placed a cone over a globe. It is best suited for showing limited east to west areas that are not too far from the equator. If used this way it indicates distances and directions fairly accuratly. =====


 * Types of maps: **
 * Physical maps- Show the location and the topography, or the shape of the earth's physical features.
 * Political maps- Shows the boundaries and the locations of political units such as countries, states, counties, cities, or towns.
 * Thermatic maps- Maps that emphasize a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area.


 * Types of regions: **
 * Regions- Are areas with similar characteristics
 * Formal regions- is defined by common characteristics.
 * Perceptual regions- Is defined by popular feeling and images rather than by objective data
 * Functional regions- is a central place and the surrounding area linked to it.
 * Longitude V.S Latitude: **
 * ** Longitude circles the earth from pole to pole, latitude circle the eart parallel to the equator. **
 * ** Longitide is meridan, Latitude is parallel. **
 * ** Longitude divides the east and western hemisphere. **
 * ** latitude divides the north and southern hemisphere. **